Convert Foot-Lambert to Candela per Square Meter
Live bidirectional calculator for Foot-Lamberts (fL) and Candelas per Square Meter (cd/m²) with verified formula and conversion charts.
Luminance6 units
How the Calculation Works (Linear Scaling)
Since 1 Foot-Lambert = 3.426259 Candelas per Square Meter, multiply the value in Foot-Lamberts by 3.426259.
Foot-Lambert to Candela per Square Meter Conversion Table
Precomputed values for quick reference and printing.
| Foot-Lambert | Candela per Square Meter |
|---|---|
| 1 fL | 3.4263 cd/m² |
| 2 fL | 6.8525 cd/m² |
| 3 fL | 10.2788 cd/m² |
| 4 fL | 13.705 cd/m² |
| 5 fL | 17.1313 cd/m² |
| 6 fL | 20.5576 cd/m² |
| 7 fL | 23.9838 cd/m² |
| 8 fL | 27.4101 cd/m² |
| 9 fL | 30.8363 cd/m² |
| 10 fL | 34.2626 cd/m² |
| 15 fL | 51.3939 cd/m² |
| 20 fL | 68.5252 cd/m² |
| 25 fL | 85.6565 cd/m² |
| 30 fL | 102.7878 cd/m² |
| 40 fL | 137.0504 cd/m² |
| 50 fL | 171.313 cd/m² |
| 75 fL | 256.9694 cd/m² |
| 100 fL | 342.6259 cd/m² |
| Candela per Square Meter | Foot-Lambert |
|---|---|
| 1 cd/m² | 0.2919 fL |
| 2 cd/m² | 0.5837 fL |
| 3 cd/m² | 0.8756 fL |
| 4 cd/m² | 1.1675 fL |
| 5 cd/m² | 1.4593 fL |
| 6 cd/m² | 1.7512 fL |
| 7 cd/m² | 2.043 fL |
| 8 cd/m² | 2.3349 fL |
| 9 cd/m² | 2.6268 fL |
| 10 cd/m² | 2.9186 fL |
| 15 cd/m² | 4.378 fL |
| 20 cd/m² | 5.8373 fL |
| 25 cd/m² | 7.2966 fL |
| 30 cd/m² | 8.7559 fL |
| 40 cd/m² | 11.6745 fL |
| 50 cd/m² | 14.5932 fL |
| 75 cd/m² | 21.8898 fL |
| 100 cd/m² | 29.1864 fL |
📌 Standard Benchmark Reference Values
Commercial movie theater cinema screen luminance target (~14–16 fL SMPTE standard).
Exact RatioAbout Foot-Lambert (fL)
A US customary unit of luminance defined as 1/π candela per square foot, equivalent to the luminance of a Lambertian surface emitting 1 lumen per square foot (1 fL ≈ 3.42626 cd/m²).
History: Standardized in the United States motion picture and avionics industries.
Common Uses: Cinema movie screen illumination standards (SMPTE targets ~14–16 fL), military cockpit display brightness.
About Candela per Square Meter (cd/m²)
The SI coherent derived unit of luminance, representing the luminous intensity per unit projected area of an emitting or reflecting surface.
History: Standardized by the CIE and BIPM as the definitive metric quantity for perceived surface brightness.
Common Uses: Electronic display screen brightness ratings, roadway lighting design, architectural glare calculations.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
How many Candelas per Square Meter are in 1 Foot-Lambert?
There are exactly 3.426259 Candelas per Square Meter in 1 Foot-Lambert (1 fL = 3.426259 cd/m²).
What is the formula to convert Foot-Lambert to Candela per Square Meter?
The formula is: Candela per Square Meter = Foot-Lambert × 3.426259. Since 1 Foot-Lambert = 3.426259 Candelas per Square Meter, multiply the value in Foot-Lamberts by 3.426259.
How do I convert 1 fL to cd/m² manually?
To convert 1 fL to cd/m²: apply the formula Candela per Square Meter = Foot-Lambert × 3.426259. Substituting gives: 1 × 3.426259 = 3.4263 cd/m².